热疲劳斜裂纹应力强度因子有限元分析

用有限元方法和最大周向应力准则计算了热疲劳斜裂纹的应力强度因子和开裂角的周期变化规律.计算表明:在加热过程中,模型内产生压缩热应力,使两裂纹面相互挤压、错开;由于加热过程生成的压缩塑性变形不能自由恢复,在降温过程的后期产生拉应力使裂纹张开;热疲劳斜裂纹在加热过程以及降温过程的前期是纯Ⅱ型,KⅡ在加热过程结束时达到最大值,在降温过程的后期是Ⅰ,Ⅱ复合型,降温过程结束时KⅠ,Ke达到最大值,裂纹在此时最易开裂.     

Statistical models for intensity and phase fluctuation of laser light in a turbulent medium

The probability density function of irradiance fluctuations in a turbulent atmosphere remains an open topic of research.It is generally considered that the speckle field has an elliptical-Gaussian speckle distribution,but because of its complexity there is still no exact analytical solution.By introducing the concept of random fluctuation intensity and using an equiprobability density ellipse,exact models of the random fluctuation intensity and its phase are proposed.Through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation,it is concluded that the random fluctuation intensity and its corresponding phase are independent only under the circular-Gaussian approximation.     

The effects of the guide field on the structures of electron density depletions in collisionless magnetic reconnection

Two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations are performed to investigate the formation of electron density depletions in collisionless magnetic reconnection.In anti-parallel reconnection,the quadrupole structures of the out-of-plane magnetic field are formed,and four symmetric electron density depletion layers can be found along the separatrices due to the effects of magetic mirror.With the increase of the initial guide field,the symmetry of both the out-of-plane magnetic field and electron density depletion layers is distorted.When the initial guide field is sufficiently large,the electron density depletion layers along the lower left and upper right separatrices disappear.The parallel electric field in guide field reconnection is found to play an important role in forming such structures of the electron density depletion layers.The structures of the out-of-plane magnetic field By and electron depletion layers in anti-parallel and guide field reconnection are found to be related to electron flow or in-plane currents in the separatrix regions.In anti-parallel reconnection,electrons flow towards the X line along the separatrices,and are directed away from the X line along the magnetic field lines just inside the separatrices.In guide field reconnection,electrons can only flow towards the X line along the upper left and lower right separatrices due to the existence of the parallel electric field in these regions.     

Enhanced anti-sunward flow near local noon during a period of horizontal IMF and high solar wind velocity <Emphasis Type="Italic">V</Emphasis><Subscript><Emphasis Type="Italic">Y</Emphasis></Subscript>

It is believed that a southward interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) is mainly responsible for the energy input from solar wind into the magnetosphere. This paper presents an unusual case of strong anti-sunward plasma flow (up to 2 km/s) in the polar cap ionosphere and large cross-polar cap potential (CPCP) during a period of horizontal IMF (|B _Z | < 2 nT) observed by both ACE (at the L1 point) and Geotail (on the dusk flank of the magnetosheath). The CPCP is even higher than that under preceding B _Z ≈ −23 nT. Furthermore, GOES8 observed that the magnetosheath field turns northward as the anti-sunward plasma flow and CPCP start to increase, which implies that the magnetosheath field interacting with the Earth’s magnetopause has significantly rotated and differs from the IMF observed by ACE and Geotail. In accordance with previous theoretical work, we suggest that the magnetic field line draping produces a southward magnetosheath field and enhances anti-sunward plasma flow and the CPCP.     

基于巨磁阻抗效应表征材料磁结构的模型

研究了一种可用于磁结构表征的基于巨磁阻抗效应分析材料磁结构的模型.在建立巨磁阻抗效应与简化磁结构对应关系模型的基础上,结合磁化矢量正交分解手段,通过调节巨磁阻抗效应与简化磁结构对应关系模型特征参量的方法,获得了各种形状的巨磁阻抗曲线,根据拟合得到的解叠子谱特征,可获知材料内部磁结构的组成和特征.研究结果对于磁性材料内部磁结构的新型表征方法及其内部结构的控制具有重要的意义.     

有限磁场作用下等离子体填充螺旋线慢波结构的色散分析

将等离子体填充的螺旋线慢波结构置于一纵向有限磁场中,考虑到磁化等离子体和介质的作用,该系统沿径向分为两个区域.采用螺旋导电面模型,利用已导出的慢波结构色散方程,数值计算了在不同的等离子体密度和磁场强度条件下,螺旋线慢波结构的色散特性,并对数值计算的结果进行了详细的分析.     

遮光处理对忽地笑生长发育的影响

五个梯度遮光处理忽地笑(Lycoris aurea)生长发育情况.结果表明:20％遮光出葶最早,全光照出葶最迟.花葶长度以40％遮光处理下最长,全光照最短,各处理差异显著.开花率全光照处理最低;40％遮光最高,适度遮光的环境更有利忽地笑开花.不同遮光处理集中开花时间在9月上中旬,遮光处理对开花时间影响不显著.40％遮光...     

电磁场对固定化活性污泥磁性微球处理污水的影响

设计了带电磁场的污水处理装置,通过测定污水CODcr的去除率考察装置的运行效果,并获得初步的污水处理工艺参数.固定化活性污泥磁性微球在磁场中进行污水处理实验结果表明:当磁场强度为8.50 m T时,处理污水的CODcr去除率可达87.57%;当磁场强度为80.7mT时,处理污水的CODcr去除率可达98.42%.     

情绪诱发方法及其新进展

在对情绪与认知的相互作用的研究中,诱发出持续、稳定而又可靠的情绪是研究得以进行的前提,也是实验最终能否成功的关键.在详细评述7种情绪诱发方法的优缺点、论述了2种最新的情绪诱发方法的基础上,从要求特征、自我报告的偏差、积极和消极情绪强度的非对称性、个体差异、道德因素5个方面重点介绍了在情绪诱发中应注意的共同问题及其应对方法,并从情绪诱发材料的标准化、提高情绪测量的准确性等方面对完善和发展情绪诱发方法提出了建议.     

低温-秋水仙素诱导甜瓜多倍体研究

以刚展开子叶的甜瓜植株为材料,采用低温-秋水仙素处理,植株全部成活,通过检测气孔-叶绿体的变化情况,选出4株定植于营养箱内,采收全部植株所结果实,保留种子并测量.采收期过后,用嫩芽叶尖为材料,对3株甜瓜进行染色体计数检测,检出1个四倍体.结果表明:低温-秋水仙素处理可以有效降低秋水仙素的毒害作用,提高植株成活率.植株后期,有由四倍体回复到二倍体的现象,说明在植株生长后期倍性稳定性有所改变.